Sound & Diction
Onomatopoeia
Using words whose sounds suggest what they describe: “buzz,” “crack,” or “murmur.” The sound contributes to the description.
"The moan of doves in immemorial elms, / And murmuring of innumerable bees" — Tennyson
Don't confuse it with Alliteration, Assonance. Alliteration and assonance pattern sounds without imitating anything; onomatopoeia requires the sound-sense match.
Examples
The bees buzzed beside the window.
“Buzzed” imitates the humming sound made by bees.
The rest of the family
Alliteration Assonance Tmesis Neologism Archaism Solecism Epithet