RRhetoric
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Sound & Diction

Archaism

AR-kay-iz-um / ˈɑːrkeɪɪzəm

Deliberately old-fashioned language — four score, thou — used for its aura. Old words bring their era's authority with them: scripture, epic, law.

"Four score and seven years ago…" — Lincoln

Don't confuse it with Allusion. Allusion points to a specific prior text; archaism borrows a period's diction wholesale without citing anyone.

Drill this device — 6 excerpts

In the Reader — 6 excerpts

And bathed every veyne in swich licour
— Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales · open the passage →
Hath not a Jew eyes? Hath not a Jew hands, organs, dimensions, senses, affections, passions? If you prick us, do we not bleed? If you tickle us, do we not laugh? If …
— William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice · open the passage →
Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore
— Edgar Allan Poe, The Evening Mirror · open the passage →
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
— Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address · open the passage →
'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
— Lewis Carroll, Through the Looking-Glass · open the passage →
They rode like men invested with a purpose whose origins were antique and diffuse and the wholes thereof were scattered like paper in the wind.
— Cormac McCarthy, Blood Meridian · open the passage →

The rest of the family

Alliteration Assonance Onomatopoeia Tmesis Neologism Solecism Epithet