RRhetoric
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Syntax & Word Order

Pleonasm

PLEE-oh-naz-um / ˈpliːənæzəm

Using more words than the grammar needs: 'I saw it with my own eyes.' Done deliberately, the surplus is emphasis or ritual fullness; done carelessly, it is padding.

"free gift", "burnt fire" — or ritual doubling in scripture

Don't confuse it with Periphrasis. Tautology repeats the same *idea*; pleonasm repeats within one construction. Periphrasis reroutes; pleonasm just doubles.

Drill its family — Syntax & Word Order

In the Reader — 2 excerpts

The more we try to explain such events in history reasonably, the more unreasonable and incomprehensible do they become to us.
— Leo Tolstoy, War and Peace · open the passage →
I thought of a labyrinth of labyrinths, of one sinuous spreading labyrinth that would encompass the past and the future and in some way involve the stars.
— Jorge Luis Borges, Ficciones · open the passage →

The rest of the family

Hyperbaton Anastrophe Periodic Sentence Cumulative (Loose) Sentence Parataxis Parenthesis Apposition / Appositive Zeugma Hendiadys Enumeration / Accumulatio Passive Voice Cleft Sentence