Metaphor & Figuration
Pathetic Fallacy
Attributing human feelings to nature or the surroundings. A threatening storm, for example, can make the setting reflect a character’s turmoil.
The storm on the heath matching Lear's madness.
Don't confuse it with Personification. Ordinary personification needn't reflect anyone's inner state; pathetic fallacy specifically syncs outer weather to inner weather.
Examples
As she mourned, the sorrowful clouds wept over the village.
The weather is described as sharing the grieving character’s emotion.
The rest of the family
Metaphor Simile Catachresis Metonymy Synecdoche Personification Prosopopoeia Transferred Epithet / Hypallage Metalepsis Symbol Allusion Mythopoesis