RRhetoric
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Syntax & Word Order

Parenthesis

puh-REN-thuh-sis / pəˈrɛnθəsɪs

An aside dropped into the middle of a sentence — set off by dashes, brackets, or commas — that interrupts without joining the grammar. It reads as a voice commenting on its own sentence as it goes.

"—never mind how long precisely—" — Melville

Don't confuse it with. An appositive renames the noun beside it; a parenthesis digresses without renaming anything.

Drill this device — 14 excerpts

In the Reader — 14 excerpts

My love for Linton is like the foliage in the woods: time will change it, I'm well aware, as winter changes the trees. My love for Heathcliff resembles the eternal rocks beneath: a source of little visible delight, but necessary.
— Emily Brontë, Wuthering Heights · open the passage →
…which governs least"; and I should like to see it acted up to more rapidly and systematically. Carried out, it finally amounts to this, which also I believe: "That government is best which governs not at all"
— Henry David Thoreau, Resistance to Civil Government · open the passage →
Call me Ishmael. Some years ago—never mind how long precisely—having little or
— Herman Melville, Moby-Dick; or, The Whale · open the passage →
On an exceptionally hot evening early in July a young man came out of the garret in which he lodged in S. Place and walked slowly, as though in hesitation, towards K. bridge.
— Fyodor Dostoevsky, Crime and Punishment · open the passage →
"Justice" was done, and the President of the Immortals, in Aeschylean phrase, had ended his sport with Tess.
— Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles · open the passage →
As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from uneasy dreams he found himself transformed
— Franz Kafka, The Metamorphosis (trans. David Wyllie) · open the passage →
metropolitan distances "above the Forties," of a new Opera House which should compete in
— Edith Wharton, The Age of Innocence · open the passage →
—Those dying generations—at their song
— William Butler Yeats, The Tower · open the passage →
A woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction; and that, as you will see, leaves the great problem of the true nature of woman and the true nature of fiction unsolved.
— Virginia Woolf, A Room of One's Own · open the passage →
The great enemy of clear language is insincerity. When there is a gap between one's real and one's declared aims, one turns as it were instinctively to long words and exhausted idioms, like a cuttlefish spurting out ink.
— George Orwell, Horizon · open the passage →
If you really want to hear about it, the first thing you'll probably want to know is where I was born, and what my lousy childhood was like, and how my parents were occupied and all before they had me, and all that David Copperfield kind of crap, but I don't feel like going into it, if you want to know the truth.
— J.D. Salinger, The Catcher in the Rye · open the passage →
I am an invisible man. No, I am not a spook like those who haunted Edgar Allan Poe; nor am I one of your Hollywood-movie ectoplasms. I am a man of substance, of flesh and
— Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man · open the passage →
He who is subjected to a field of visibility, and who knows it, assumes responsibility for the constraints of power; he makes them play spontaneously upon himself; he inscribes in himself the power …
— Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish · open the passage →
In later years, holding forth to an interviewer or to an audience of aging fans at a comic book convention, Sam Clay liked to declare, apropos of his and Joe Kavalier's greatest creation, that back when he was a boy, sealed and hog-tied inside the airtight vessel known as Brooklyn, …
— Michael Chabon, The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay · open the passage →

Travels with

Devices that share a passage with parenthesis most often — company reveals character.

Litotes 8 Anaphora 7 Allusion 7 Passive Voice 6 Parallelism 6 Asyndeton 6 Parataxis 5 Antithesis 4

The rest of the family

Hyperbaton Anastrophe Periodic Sentence Cumulative (Loose) Sentence Parataxis Apposition / Appositive Zeugma Hendiadys Pleonasm Enumeration / Accumulatio Passive Voice Cleft Sentence